Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will lay the foundation stone for India's first high-speed train in Prime Minister Narendra Modi's native state of Gujarat on Thursday, reports BBC.
Mostly funded by a $17bn (£12.78bn) loan from Japan, the bullet train will run between Ahmedabad city and Mumbai.
It is expected to cut the 500km (310 miles) journey time down to three hours from the current eight.
Mr Abe is making a two-day visit to India, a close ally of Japan.
India's railway system carries more than 22 million passengers a day and much of the equipment is out of date, leading to frequent accidents and chronic delays.
The 750-seat train is scheduled to run from August 2022.
It is part of the government's ambition to link major cities with high-speed trains, but critics say passengers would be better served if investments were made to improve safety on the current, ageing rail network.
Supporters of the project say high speed trains will lead to improved commuter convenience, reduced congestion in big cities, more business, and improved infrastructure along the route.
Mr Modi has promised to make vast improvements to the network, and the bullet train was one of his key promises in the 2014 election.